Integrating Population, Health, and Environment in Kenya
This policy brief, Integrating Population, Health, and Environment in Kenya, is based on the Kenya PHE assessment coordinated by the National Coordinating Agency for Population and Development (NCAPD) and conducted by the University of Nairobi and the Kenya PHE task force between October 2006 and April 2007. The methods used to conduct the assessment in Kenya included a review of relevant government policies and project documents, key informant interviews, site household surveys, and focus group discussions. (November 2007)

Integrating Population, Health, and Environment in Ethiopia
This policy brief, Integrating Population, Health, and Environment in Ethiopia, is based on the Ethiopia PHE assessment written by Dessalegn Rahmato, Yeraswork Admassie, and Yared Mekonnen in 2007. The methods used to conduct the assessment in Ethiopia included a review of relevant government policies and project documents, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. (November 2007)

Integrating Population, Health, and Environment in Tanzania
This policy brief, Integrating Population, Health, and Environment in Tanzania, is based on the Tanzania PHE assessment written in 2007 by Dr. N.F. Madulu, formerly of the Institute of Resource Assessment/University of Dar es Salaam, and the members of the Tanzania PHE assessment team. The methods used to conduct the assessment in Tanzania included a review of relevant policies, laws, and project documents; key informant interviews; and field visits to case study sites. (November 2007)

Population, Health, and Environment Assessments in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania
The integrated population-health-environment approach to development recognizes the interconnectedness between people and their environment and supports cross-sectoral collaboration and coordination. Three policy briefs highlight assessments of this PHE collaboration and coordination in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania. (November 2007)

The Impact of Climate Change on Water, Sanitation, and Diarrheal Diseases in Latin America and the Caribbean
Water and sanitation play a crucial role in the transmission of diarrheal disease. These environmental factors contribute to approximately 94 percent of the 4 billion cases of diarrhea that the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates to occur globally each year. In Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), roughly 77,600 children under the age of 5 die each year from diarrhea and its complications. Although 16 of the 33 countries in the LAC region are on track to meet the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for sanitation and clean water, countries in LAC still need to extend water and sanitation access to an additional 6.1 million and 8.4 million people, respectively, to fully meet the MDG targets. (September 2007)

World Population Highlights 2007: Urbanization
The world is on the verge of a shift: from predominantly rural to mainly urban. In 2008, more than half the world's people will live in urban areas. By 2030, urban dwellers will make up roughly 60 percent of the world's population. The largest cities in the world are slowly growing in size, and increasingly they are located in less developed regions. This article is excerpted from the Population Bulletin: "World Population Highlights: Key Findings From PRB's 2007 World Population Data Sheet." (September 2007)

World Population Highlights 2007: Environment
Carbon dioxide emissions have grown dramatically in the past century because of human activity, chiefly the use of fossil fuels such as oil and coal, as well as changes in land use such as cutting down forests. These emissions are a key contributor to climate change that is expected to produce rising temperatures, lead to more extreme weather patterns, facilitate the spread of infectious diseases, and put more stress on the environment. This article is excerpted from the Population Bulletin: "World Population Highlights: Key Findings From PRB's 2007 World Population Data Sheet." (September 2007)

World Population Highlights: Key Findings From PRB's 2007 World Population Data Sheet (PDF: 945KB)

 This Population Bulletin is the companion report to PRB's 2007 World Population Data Sheet. The Bulletin highlights key findings from the data sheet on: world population trends, malnutrition, environment, HIV/AIDS, urbanization, and migration. (BUL62.3, September 2007)

Creating an Alternative Fuel in Uganda to Help the Environment and Empower Women
In Uganda, charcoal and fuel wood are the energy sources for the vast majority of a population that is increasing so rapidly the forests can't possibly keep up. In Namatala slum in the small town of Mbale in eastern Uganda, a group of displaced women could no longer find charcoal, and when they could, they couldn't afford it. The Uganda Gender Rights Foundation initiated a project to create an alternative source of cooking fuel, and at the same time empower the women to rise out of poverty. (August 2007)

Fighting Air Pollution in Mexico City and São Paulo
Mexico City has some of the worst air pollution in the world. The city’s residents lose 2.5 million working days a year to health problems caused by particle matter, such as soot. Other Latin American capitals such as São Paulo, Brazil, also rank among the world's worst in terms of outdoor air pollution. Because increases in respiratory and cardiovascular illness and death have been linked to major air pollution, cities are taking steps to clear the air. But these megacities have reduced air pollution levels with new policies and relatively simple technological fixes. (July 2007)